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Story of Bali, Indonesia

The biopsychosocial model of human behavior includes biological, social, and psychological factors, which all interact throughout the life of individuals, as determinants of behavior (and illness) (Engel, 1977; Fink, 1988). The climate and ecology (e.g., plains. forests inhabited by dangerous wild animals, or animals of prey) also shape behavior patterns. Studies of ethologic and animal behavior draw attention to evolution as an influence on human behavior patterns (Hinde, 1974; Jensen, 1980).

It may seem curious why the Balinese themselves have not cited, critiqued, or protested the issue of climax as elaborated by Bateson, Mead, C. Geertz, and others. Two explanations were offered by Balinese anthropologists: (1) the traditional politeness of the Balinese; and (2) difficulties in understanding English writing, particularly the styles of certain author's*."Me latter seems more likely.

It is curious that lack or presence of climax, in the sense described by Bateson and Mead, has not been reported as characteristic of other cultures the question arises as to whether it I, as been seriously considered by other ethnographers.

As with the kotekan, it is best to practice drum parts with a friend in order to get the effect of the interlocking. In addition to singing them, try using the more percussive sounds obtained by substituting a handclap for dag and dug and a slap of the chest or thigh for kap and pak. As you build up to the complete pattern try working on just beats 1-4, repeating them cyclically. Just this much, played twice to fill a full eight-beat cycle, is the other, Ampler, Baris kendang pattern mentioned above. Its resultant should sound as follows, with claps taking.

All these remains show that art was more advanced than in the previous period. The patterns and pictures engraved on them have become better and more complicated. The people were also fond of dressing themselves up as is obvious from the various ornaments. The fact that their art is more advanced can be taken to indicate that dancing in the Metal Age must also have been more advanced and refined than that of the Stone Age

Pay close attention to the "double" dag and dug strokes marked A and B above. These are the only places where the regular one-to-one alternation of strokes between the kendang is disturbed. The effect is to make the drums exchange positions with respect to the kempli beat, thereby adding extra energy and syncopation to the music. This also makes the patterns tougher to play, however, so persevere. Take consolation in the fact that many Balinese drummers spend the better part of their lives perfecting Baris patterns.While in the Stone Age dancing was perhaps accompanied only by cheering and handclapping, from the Metal remains have been found which relate to more advanced dancing, viz. the bronze drums.

While in the Stone Age dancing was perhaps accompanied only by cheering and handclapping, from the Metal remains have been found which relate to more advanced dancing, viz. the bronze drums.

These bronze drums have been found in various regions of Indonesia, among others in java,,Sumatra, Bali and on some islands of Nusa Tenggara.

 

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