| Story
of Bali, Indonesia
The
basic elements of the Balinese Hindu religion are (a)
the five principles of Hindu-Dharma beliet, and (b)
the concepts of the three factors of microcosms, macrocosms,
and God, and the 'sibling' spirits. It was also noted
that the family, ancestors, and community are tightly
enmeshed and interdependent. No one,, except a vagrant
or schizophrenic, can function without being a part
of all three. Every Balinese is imbued with this trilateral
system from birth, and this early imprinting of an individual
(to use an analogy from the field of ethology), coupled
with regular and frequent reinforcement, lasts throughout
this life and the lives thereafter. These two systems
are regarded not only as the basic forces that shape
Balinese character but also as the main factors accounting
for its stability and durability. In interrelated functions,
associated rituals, and ceremonies. The two system account
for much of the uniqueness of the culture, the distinctive
characteristics that are clearly Balinese.
All
foreigners who have visited Bali know that ceremonies
are a striking aspect of the every Balinese. They are
manifestations of the family community ancestors system
and the religious system, which in function are inseparable.
Ceremonies (B and I upakara ) and offerings (B mebanten
I mempersembahkan) are part and parcel of the elaborate
and colourful customs borne by the two system. A number
of examples showing how ceremonies and offering generally
go together have been presented. These do not refer
to discrete behaviours or patterns but to complexes
of behaviours, sometime involving numerous individuals
that are oriented towards identified goals and performed
with clear purpose.
Ritual and ceremonies range from the individual and
the private to the masses and the public. Individuals
make offerings of freshly woven small palm leaf baskets
(banten) filled with flower blossoms, incense, etc..,
at home shrines and gates, crossroad , at a stream crossing
, near their business, and neighbourhood. Public buses
may stop briefly along the way to make small offering
at shrines erected along the roads.
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