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Their recording of data was highly systematic, as illustrated by their method of taking and editing notes . -They used the participant observer technique: they appeared to have gathered data on as many natural aspects of Balinese life as possible, although occasionally they arranged a specific event, such as a dance performance.

Their photographic method was innovative and impressive, although this was never used again by Bateson and little used by other anthropologists. This innovation was a step towards increased objectivity. According to them, the method of the monograph was to 'state intangible relationships among different types of culturally standardized behavior by placing side by side mutually relevant photographs'. This often meant placing, on one page, a variety of different situations illustrative of the culturally standardized behavior relevant to a concept (e.g., 'defense of the mouth' or 'parents as witch or dragon), Some plates illustrated behavior at discrete cultural events, such as the 210th day birthday celebration, while others, showed grouping of related general behavior, such as play by little girls or illustrated more general ,issues, such as rites of passage and stages of child development

Bateson and Mead's overall data, mostly photographic, is impressive and highly informative but generally, inadequate for each particular trait or pattern of behavior. It appears that they sometimes used single cases or very few cases to make generalized interpretations about all Balinese. There are numerous examples of this, including 'the body as a tube, 'the mother: narcissism the father-child relationship and identification of food with faeces. Possibly a practice of generalizing from a few cases accounts for their description of the mother's playing with her baby's penis. Bateson and Mead described a characteristic pattern of the mother suddenly and sharply pulling at her baby's penis as a way of playing with him and getting him to respond. The authors have never observed this behavior by a mother in the plains or at Bayung Gede. Three mothers at Bayung Gede who were asked about this practice denied ever witnessing such behavior. Such behavior, even if it does occur, must be a rare occurrence and not a general practice as presented by Bateson and Mead. Bateson and Mead's observation of this behavior is not questioned but it is hypothesized that they observed it in a few instances at most and generalized from these, a methodological pitfall

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